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	<title>Comments on: Macias vs Kerr</title>
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	<description>Photos, Stories and articles on East Asia</description>
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		<title>By: Mulboyne</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-242259</link>
		<dc:creator>Mulboyne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:33:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-242259</guid>
		<description>Apologies for another bit of necroposting.

I mentioned earlier in this thread that a Swiss engineer judged Japan to have a poor maintenance culture during a visit over 20 years ago and was widely dismissed on the grounds that he hadn&#039;t taken into account the peculiarities of Japanese culture. It occurred to me to get in touch and see how the old boy was since I haven&#039;t heard from him for a while. Good timing. Having never been invited back to Japan, he tells me he has just been asked to be a keynote speaker at a conference which he thinks is going to be called something like &quot;The crisis in maintenance&quot;. As he says, he may have got short shrift at the time but somebody must have remembered him. I sent him this link:

http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200710200078.html

One reason he might also be back in favour is that he had some preliminary findings that equipment maintenance standards seem to fall when a company is acquired by a private equity firm which might be a message some bureaucrats would like to hear.

Necroposting over. Back to the studio.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Apologies for another bit of necroposting.</p>
<p>I mentioned earlier in this thread that a Swiss engineer judged Japan to have a poor maintenance culture during a visit over 20 years ago and was widely dismissed on the grounds that he hadn&#8217;t taken into account the peculiarities of Japanese culture. It occurred to me to get in touch and see how the old boy was since I haven&#8217;t heard from him for a while. Good timing. Having never been invited back to Japan, he tells me he has just been asked to be a keynote speaker at a conference which he thinks is going to be called something like &#8220;The crisis in maintenance&#8221;. As he says, he may have got short shrift at the time but somebody must have remembered him. I sent him this link:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200710200078.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200710200078.html</a></p>
<p>One reason he might also be back in favour is that he had some preliminary findings that equipment maintenance standards seem to fall when a company is acquired by a private equity firm which might be a message some bureaucrats would like to hear.</p>
<p>Necroposting over. Back to the studio.</p>
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		<title>By: M-Bone</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241125</link>
		<dc:creator>M-Bone</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Sep 2007 12:51:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241125</guid>
		<description>&quot;However, you would expect to see that in any community so looking for reasons specific to Japan might be pointless.&quot;

Indeed, I would imagine that academics, given the freedom that comes with the job in most circumstances, are more open to helping out than say, the 12 hour work day power business crowd. 

I&#039;m not sure that the job/money thing is such a big thing for academics, either. If you are well known / published enough to be labeled as a go to guy or gal for some info, you probably have a steady university job. 

In any case, LOTS of academics will go on NPR, do interviews, etc. for no money. Just like to talk (^_^)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;However, you would expect to see that in any community so looking for reasons specific to Japan might be pointless.&#8221;</p>
<p>Indeed, I would imagine that academics, given the freedom that comes with the job in most circumstances, are more open to helping out than say, the 12 hour work day power business crowd.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m not sure that the job/money thing is such a big thing for academics, either. If you are well known / published enough to be labeled as a go to guy or gal for some info, you probably have a steady university job.</p>
<p>In any case, <span class="caps">LOTS</span> of academics will go on <span class="caps">NPR</span>, do interviews, etc. for no money. Just like to talk (<sup>_</sup>)</p>
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		<title>By: Mulboyne</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241124</link>
		<dc:creator>Mulboyne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Sep 2007 10:53:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241124</guid>
		<description>Thanks, Aceface, for the link. Cope&#039;s site actually includes more individual band profiles than the book itself which instead attempts to connect the dots with a narrative. The website could, ultimately, prove more interesting since it looks like anyone can register to add pictures, notes, YouTube videos and discography entries. That might help get rid of most of the glaring errors.

Like Adamu, I suspect Cope&#039;s introduction reflects the conversations and experience he may have had while doing his research. I don&#039;t think it&#039;s unfair to point out that there are some Japan hands who do jealously guard their territory and their contacts. I&#039;ve often wondered why they do this. At times, it is a simple case of catching someone on a bad day: there&#039;s usually a finite limit to most people&#039;s goodwill.

Sometimes, though, there is an attempt to recreate the sempai/kohai relationship even when both individuals are not Japanese. That might work for some while rubbing other people up the wrong way. I&#039;ve also heard it compared with the situation of women in business and politics - a successful woman might treat her female subordinates poorly on the basis that since she had to beat the odds, no-one following her should get an easier ride.

Another aspect that shouldn&#039;t be forgotten is money. When there a fewer job vacancies for foreign correspondents, academics, researchers etc and the number of foundation grants declines then people seem less inclined to welcome potential competition no matter what country you look at. M-Bone is right that there are many generous people out there willing to lend a helping hand but there are certainly others who will look down their nose at you. However, you would expect to see that in any community so looking for reasons specific to Japan might be pointless.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks, Aceface, for the link. Cope&#8217;s site actually includes more individual band profiles than the book itself which instead attempts to connect the dots with a narrative. The website could, ultimately, prove more interesting since it looks like anyone can register to add pictures, notes, YouTube videos and discography entries. That might help get rid of most of the glaring errors.</p>
<p>Like Adamu, I suspect Cope&#8217;s introduction reflects the conversations and experience he may have had while doing his research. I don&#8217;t think it&#8217;s unfair to point out that there are some Japan hands who do jealously guard their territory and their contacts. I&#8217;ve often wondered why they do this. At times, it is a simple case of catching someone on a bad day: there&#8217;s usually a finite limit to most people&#8217;s goodwill.</p>
<p>Sometimes, though, there is an attempt to recreate the sempai/kohai relationship even when both individuals are not Japanese. That might work for some while rubbing other people up the wrong way. I&#8217;ve also heard it compared with the situation of women in business and politics &#8211; a successful woman might treat her female subordinates poorly on the basis that since she had to beat the odds, no-one following her should get an easier ride.</p>
<p>Another aspect that shouldn&#8217;t be forgotten is money. When there a fewer job vacancies for foreign correspondents, academics, researchers etc and the number of foundation grants declines then people seem less inclined to welcome potential competition no matter what country you look at. M-Bone is right that there are many generous people out there willing to lend a helping hand but there are certainly others who will look down their nose at you. However, you would expect to see that in any community so looking for reasons specific to Japan might be pointless.</p>
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		<title>By: tomojiro</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241087</link>
		<dc:creator>tomojiro</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 14:34:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241087</guid>
		<description>”I could be misrepresenting Kuwamaya because it is a long time since I read his work but I recall him even taking issue with some uses of the term “anthropology” when applied to Japan. ”

no,no you are not missrepresenting here, you are quite right.

I was a graduate student of anthropology during the 90ies when Kuwayama raised this question about the problem of asymmetry in anthropology.

“in defense of the American anthlopologist.Antholopology is a study of translating one culture to another.If a Japanese antholoplogist is working on Japanese subject,perhaps it is necessary for American counterpart to use the material as secondary sources that need to be handle with their interpretation.”

Kuwayama did raise the question that non-western anthropologist were rather under pressure to play the role of “native anthropologist” thus an informant for the western anthropologist. That he said was a sign of prevalent intellectual imperialism (which I think is true to some degree).

I think that there is also the problem of multi-cultural PC in US academic circles.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8221;I could be misrepresenting Kuwamaya because it is a long time since I read his work but I recall him even taking issue with some uses of the term &#8220;anthropology&#8221; when applied to Japan. &#8221;</p>
<p>no,no you are not missrepresenting here, you are quite right.</p>
<p>I was a graduate student of anthropology during the 90ies when Kuwayama raised this question about the problem of asymmetry in anthropology.</p>
<p>&#8220;in defense of the American anthlopologist.Antholopology is a study of translating one culture to another.If a Japanese antholoplogist is working on Japanese subject,perhaps it is necessary for American counterpart to use the material as secondary sources that need to be handle with their interpretation.&#8221;</p>
<p>Kuwayama did raise the question that non-western anthropologist were rather under pressure to play the role of &#8220;native anthropologist&#8221; thus an informant for the western anthropologist. That he said was a sign of prevalent intellectual imperialism (which I think is true to some degree).</p>
<p>I think that there is also the problem of multi-cultural PC in US academic circles.</p>
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		<title>By: Aceface</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241086</link>
		<dc:creator>Aceface</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 13:22:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241086</guid>
		<description>Julian Cope on Nagira Kenichi:
&quot;I&#039;ve never heard this act but their one known album is said to have been reissued on CD by Prime Direction. &quot;

Here you go Mr.Cope.なぎら健壱 himself.He is a man, not a band and not even a rock singer but a folk singer.
http://www.yamano-music.co.jp/docs/jacket-link/BEF9A23E.jpg

Now my trust upon his work is slowly deteriorating.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Julian Cope on Nagira Kenichi:<br />
&#8220;I&#8217;ve never heard this act but their one known album is said to have been reissued on CD by Prime Direction. &#8221;</p>
<p>Here you go Mr.Cope.なぎら健壱 himself.He is a man, not a band and not even a rock singer but a folk singer.<br />
<a href="http://www.yamano-music.co.jp/docs/jacket-link/BEF9A23E.jpg" rel="nofollow">http://www.yamano-music.co.jp/docs/jacket-link/BEF9A23E.jpg</a></p>
<p>Now my trust upon his work is slowly deteriorating.</p>
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		<title>By: Jade Oc</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241085</link>
		<dc:creator>Jade Oc</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 12:55:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241085</guid>
		<description>&quot;My four visits to Japan through the ‘80s and ‘90s were quite enough to reveal both sides of the coin&quot;  Reminds me rather of the fad back a hundred years (or thereabouts) of writing know-it-all books about far-off lands on the strength of a few weeks in the country. Twain&#039;s one is one of the earlier and better - if only for his prose and his descriptions of his fellow travellers - but too many were just smug and insular. So if anyone says they have learned enough &quot;in four visits&quot; then I am immediately on the alert (to give yourself cred, try saying &quot;four visits, each of several months&#039; duration, which I spent closeted in the Diet Library [or wherever appropriate]&quot; rather than coming off as a smug tourist). 

On the UK/US thing and &#039;Jap&#039;, I don&#039;t know how derogatory &#039;Jap&#039; is in the UK, but I do recall hearing about Americans getting rather upset over &quot;Oriental&quot;, which the Brits (and the School of African and Oriental Studies in particular, perhaps) do not. Nor does Oriental Land, the parent company of Tokyo Disneyland, to just name one example. Actually, at the risk of being overly controversial, I don&#039;t feel &#039;Jap&#039; should be a &quot;bad&quot; word, since it is just short for &#039;Japanese&#039; and doesn&#039;t take a racial or cultural stereotype like &#039;chink&#039; or &#039;frog&#039;: its sole reason for being non-PC as far as I can tell is that it was used as a casual dismissive shorthand in WW2 by Allied troops. Does that mean it is forever seen as a &#039;word used to describe people you don&#039;t like&#039;?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;My four visits to Japan through the &#8216;80s and &#8216;90s were quite enough to reveal both sides of the coin&#8221;  Reminds me rather of the fad back a hundred years (or thereabouts) of writing know-it-all books about far-off lands on the strength of a few weeks in the country. Twain&#8217;s one is one of the earlier and better &#8211; if only for his prose and his descriptions of his fellow travellers &#8211; but too many were just smug and insular. So if anyone says they have learned enough &#8220;in four visits&#8221; then I am immediately on the alert (to give yourself cred, try saying &#8220;four visits, each of several months&#8217; duration, which I spent closeted in the Diet Library [or wherever appropriate]&#8221; rather than coming off as a smug tourist).</p>
<p>On the UK/US thing and &#8216;Jap&#8217;, I don&#8217;t know how derogatory &#8216;Jap&#8217; is in the UK, but I do recall hearing about Americans getting rather upset over &#8220;Oriental&#8221;, which the Brits (and the School of African and Oriental Studies in particular, perhaps) do not. Nor does Oriental Land, the parent company of Tokyo Disneyland, to just name one example. Actually, at the risk of being overly controversial, I don&#8217;t feel &#8216;Jap&#8217; should be a &#8220;bad&#8221; word, since it is just short for &#8216;Japanese&#8217; and doesn&#8217;t take a racial or cultural stereotype like &#8216;chink&#8217; or &#8216;frog&#8217;: its sole reason for being non-PC as far as I can tell is that it was used as a casual dismissive shorthand in <span class="caps">WW2</span> by Allied troops. Does that mean it is forever seen as a &#8216;word used to describe people you don&#8217;t like&#8217;?</p>
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		<title>By: Aceface</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241083</link>
		<dc:creator>Aceface</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 12:47:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241083</guid>
		<description>He has his own homepage now.

http://www.japrocksampler.com/japrocksampler/

Just took glance at it.and now I&#039;m confident that Cope is either Neomarxisme or Click Opera reader or perhaps both.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>He has his own homepage now.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.japrocksampler.com/japrocksampler/" rel="nofollow">http://www.japrocksampler.com/japrocksampler/</a></p>
<p>Just took glance at it.and now I&#8217;m confident that Cope is either Neomarxisme or Click Opera reader or perhaps both.</p>
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		<title>By: M-Bone</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241082</link>
		<dc:creator>M-Bone</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 12:34:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241082</guid>
		<description>Are his critical faculties in fact intact? Has the &quot;whiting of the Japanese cultural sepulchre&quot; really been a dominant pattern of representation in Japan in the postwar period? Is he still ragging on the war period? Who are &quot;the Japanese&quot; doing this &quot;whiting&quot;? He&#039;s obviously talking about the world of Japanese letters here - how could he make a judgment like this without access to those letters? Or did he read a few things about Nihonjinron without coming across all of those Japanese very famous in the English-speaking world for their dramatic lack of whiting - Kurosawa, Ichikawa, Imamura, Kawabata, Mishima, Oe, Itami, Murakumi Haruki and Ryu, Yoshimoto Banana, Miyazaki, Tezuka, etc. If he has a criticism of Japanese discourse, why not lay it out there (the mainstream press says little of interest about J-Rock)? Why the massive cultural generalization?

It seems that he is trying to privilege his own POV here - &quot;the Japanese&quot; are mostly whiting, I&#039;m the one who is going to be all objective. He is also talking about the &quot;hitherto unexplored&quot;. Does he mean not by Japanese or not by some random white guy? It really seems that Japanese POVs are irrelevant to the mandate of this work.

&quot;I have no intention of whiting the American cultural sepulchre for its own sake, as the Americans have historically proved quite capable of doing that for themselves.&#039;

This one should make us uncomfortable. Let&#039;s face it, it would be a laughable statement from someone who knows no English. 

&quot;I have no intention of whiting the Jewish cultural sepulchre for its own sake, as the Jews have historically proved quite capable of doing that for themselves.&quot;

This one should make us sick. Just change the group and it should seem ignorant and venomous to just about everyone. I don&#039;t think that tossing around the same comment about Japan is any more appropriate.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are his critical faculties in fact intact? Has the &#8220;whiting of the Japanese cultural sepulchre&#8221; really been a dominant pattern of representation in Japan in the postwar period? Is he still ragging on the war period? Who are &#8220;the Japanese&#8221; doing this &#8220;whiting&#8221;? He&#8217;s obviously talking about the world of Japanese letters here &#8211; how could he make a judgment like this without access to those letters? Or did he read a few things about Nihonjinron without coming across all of those Japanese very famous in the English-speaking world for their dramatic lack of whiting &#8211; Kurosawa, Ichikawa, Imamura, Kawabata, Mishima, Oe, Itami, Murakumi Haruki and Ryu, Yoshimoto Banana, Miyazaki, Tezuka, etc. If he has a criticism of Japanese discourse, why not lay it out there (the mainstream press says little of interest about J-Rock)? Why the massive cultural generalization?</p>
<p>It seems that he is trying to privilege his own <span class="caps">POV</span> here &#8211; &#8220;the Japanese&#8221; are mostly whiting, I&#8217;m the one who is going to be all objective. He is also talking about the &#8220;hitherto unexplored&#8221;. Does he mean not by Japanese or not by some random white guy? It really seems that Japanese POVs are irrelevant to the mandate of this work.</p>
<p>&#8220;I have no intention of whiting the American cultural sepulchre for its own sake, as the Americans have historically proved quite capable of doing that for themselves.&#8217;</p>
<p>This one should make us uncomfortable. Let&#8217;s face it, it would be a laughable statement from someone who knows no English.</p>
<p>&#8220;I have no intention of whiting the Jewish cultural sepulchre for its own sake, as the Jews have historically proved quite capable of doing that for themselves.&#8221;</p>
<p>This one should make us sick. Just change the group and it should seem ignorant and venomous to just about everyone. I don&#8217;t think that tossing around the same comment about Japan is any more appropriate.</p>
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		<title>By: Aceface</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241081</link>
		<dc:creator>Aceface</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 12:32:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241081</guid>
		<description>Or he must have read Neomarxisme and read Momus turning into a St.Sebastianesque figure there.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Or he must have read Neomarxisme and read Momus turning into a St.Sebastianesque figure there.</p>
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		<title>By: Mulboyne</title>
		<link>http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/comment-page-2/#comment-241079</link>
		<dc:creator>Mulboyne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2007 11:50:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mutantfrog.com/2007/09/11/macias-vs-kerr/#comment-241079</guid>
		<description>I could be misrepresenting Kuwamaya because it is a long time since I read his work but I recall him even taking issue with some uses of the term &quot;anthropology&quot; when applied to Japan. He suggested that similar research conducted about, say France, would be classified as social studies whereas Japan seems to get lumped in with peoples like the Inuit and Australian Aborigines. If you decide you are conducting an anthroplogical study then you will see Japanese sources as part of your field of investigation but if you see your work as another type of social science then Japanese sources are on an equal footing.

He attempted to turn the tables somewhat by taking American studies of Japan as a subject to shed some light on the US mindset. He has some entertaining observations about the frequent use of images of young women in such works. He also found well into the 80&#039;s that a picture of a typical Japanese family often portrayed them wearing formal kimono or at least yukata.

On Julian Cope,  I found the last part of his comment interesting: he reassures his readers that he isn&#039;t a Japanophile which he uses to imply that he isn&#039;t out to overpraise Japan. He then points out that neither is he going to slam the country. He didn&#039;t seen the need to write anything like that in his earlier work on German music. 

Here&#039;s something else he writes a few pages later:

&quot;And so the purpose of this Japrocksampler is to roll up our sleeves, excavate through the sanctimonious bullshit, and reveal those hitherto unexplored shadowy basements wherein Japanese musical culture shines like a jewel. However, Japanese rock&#039;n&#039;roll is not the new black, and this book is not being written to create a new generation of Western neo-Japrock snobs. My four visits to Japan through the &#039;80s and &#039;90s were quite enough to reveal both sides of the coin, and there is a truth to be learned about ourselves from studying the Japanese ways. But this book is ultimately a quest for the truth. And, as I must restate, I have no intention of whiting the Japanese cultural sepulchre for its own sake, as the Japanese have historically proved quite capable of doing that for themselves.&quot;

I wonder how he came to feel the need to justify himself in this way? Perhaps he kept meeting people who accused him of wearing rose tinted spectacles about his subject because he didn&#039;t have enough Japanese to understand what was going on so he wants to somehow point out that his critical faculties are intact.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I could be misrepresenting Kuwamaya because it is a long time since I read his work but I recall him even taking issue with some uses of the term &#8220;anthropology&#8221; when applied to Japan. He suggested that similar research conducted about, say France, would be classified as social studies whereas Japan seems to get lumped in with peoples like the Inuit and Australian Aborigines. If you decide you are conducting an anthroplogical study then you will see Japanese sources as part of your field of investigation but if you see your work as another type of social science then Japanese sources are on an equal footing.</p>
<p>He attempted to turn the tables somewhat by taking American studies of Japan as a subject to shed some light on the US mindset. He has some entertaining observations about the frequent use of images of young women in such works. He also found well into the 80&#8217;s that a picture of a typical Japanese family often portrayed them wearing formal kimono or at least yukata.</p>
<p>On Julian Cope,  I found the last part of his comment interesting: he reassures his readers that he isn&#8217;t a Japanophile which he uses to imply that he isn&#8217;t out to overpraise Japan. He then points out that neither is he going to slam the country. He didn&#8217;t seen the need to write anything like that in his earlier work on German music.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s something else he writes a few pages later:</p>
<p>&#8220;And so the purpose of this Japrocksampler is to roll up our sleeves, excavate through the sanctimonious bullshit, and reveal those hitherto unexplored shadowy basements wherein Japanese musical culture shines like a jewel. However, Japanese rock&#8217;n&#8217;roll is not the new black, and this book is not being written to create a new generation of Western neo-Japrock snobs. My four visits to Japan through the &#8216;80s and &#8216;90s were quite enough to reveal both sides of the coin, and there is a truth to be learned about ourselves from studying the Japanese ways. But this book is ultimately a quest for the truth. And, as I must restate, I have no intention of whiting the Japanese cultural sepulchre for its own sake, as the Japanese have historically proved quite capable of doing that for themselves.&#8221;</p>
<p>I wonder how he came to feel the need to justify himself in this way? Perhaps he kept meeting people who accused him of wearing rose tinted spectacles about his subject because he didn&#8217;t have enough Japanese to understand what was going on so he wants to somehow point out that his critical faculties are intact.</p>
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